How to train the deliberate use of intuition
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.16906/lt-eth.v4i1.215Abstract
We aim to investigate how to professionally train our skill at using intuition deliberately because prior research has shown that intuition has the potential to outperform the analytical mind, especially in complex and uncertain situations that will become only more frequent in the years to come. Teaching people to learn how to use intuition can be particularly decisive because it represents a crucial soft skill for the next generation of critical and creative thinkers. By applying advanced bibliometric analysis techniques in this mapping study, we systematically explore and visualize intuition research to highlight potential methods to train the skill of deliberately using intuition in the classroom. Our Web of Science data set comprises 7,680 peer reviewed documents with 253,986 references published by 166,649 authors through the end of 2021. Despite these high numbers, intuition is an underexplored scientific field characterized by methodological challenges, some of which are due to its unconscious nature. Our study offers first insights into research that can enhance the use of intuition. Our main goal is inspiring future research to help reveal intuition’s unexploited educational potential, which can then stimulate new teaching initiatives.
References
Ambinder, M. S., Wang, R. F., Crowell, J. A., Francis, G. K., & Brinkmann, P. (2009). Human four-dimensional spatial intuition in virtual reality. Psychonomic Bulletin and Review, 16(5), 818–823. https://doi.org/10.3758/PBR.16.5.818
Argento, E., Papagiannakis, G., Baka, E., Maniadakis, M., Trahanias, P., Sfakianakis, M., & Nestoros, I. (2017). Augmented cognition via brainwave entrainment in virtual reality: An open, integrated brain augmentation in a neuroscience system approach. Augmented Human Research, 2(1), 3. https://doi.org/10.1007/s41133-017-0005-3
Bainbridge, W. S. (2007). The scientific research potential of virtual worlds. Science, 317(5837), 472–476. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1146930
Berger, J., & Turow, G. (2012). Music, science, and the rhythmic brain: Cultural and clinical implications. In Music, Science, and the Rhythmic Brain: Cultural and Clinical Implications (pp. 1–215). https://doi.org/10.4324/9780203805299
Bierly, P. E., & Gallagher, S. (2007). Explaining Alliance Partner Selection: Fit, Trust and Strategic Expediency. Long Range Planning, 40(2), 134–153. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.lrp.2007.03.001
Blair, C., Walsh, C., & Best, P. (2021). Immersive 360° videos in health and social care education: a scoping review. BMC Medical Education, 21(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12909-021-03013-y
Boyack, K. W., & Klavans, R. (2010). Co-citation analysis, bibliographic coupling, and direct citation: Which citation approach represents the research front most accurately? Journal of the American Society for Information Science & Technology, 61(12), 2389–2404. https://doi.org/10.1002/asi.21419
Braun, T. (2005). Handbook of quantitative science and technology research. The use of publication and patent statistics in studies of S&T systems. Springer.
Calvo-Porral, C., & Lévy-Mangin, J. P. (2014). Private label brands: Major perspective of two customer-based brand equity models. International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research, 24(4), 431–452. https://doi.org/10.1080/09593969.2014.890953
Carver, R. P. (1972). Reading tests in 1970 versus 1980: Psychometric versus edumetric. The Reading Teacher, 26(3), 299–302.
Carver, Ronald P. (1974). Two dimensions of tests: Psychometric and edumetric. American Psychologist, 29(7), 512–518. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0036782
Carver, Ronald P., & Darby, C. A. (1972). Analysis of the chunked reading test and reading comprehension. Journal of Literacy Research, 5(4), 282–296. https://doi.org/10.1080/10862967209547064
Checa, D., & Bustillo, A. (2020). A review of immersive virtual reality serious games to enhance learning and training. Multimedia Tools and Applications, 79(9–10), 5501–5527. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11042-019-08348-9
Childre, D., Martin, H., & Beech, D. (2000). The HeartMath ® Solution. Heart, 297.
Cohen, J. (1968). Multiple regression as a general data-analytic system. Psychological Bulletin. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0026714
Custers, R., & Aarts, H. (2010). The unconscious will: How the pursuit of goals operates outside of conscious awareness. Science, 329(5987), 47–50. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1188595
Dane, E., Baer, M., Pratt, M. G., & Oldham, G. R. (2011). Rational Versus Intuitive Problem Solving: How Thinking “ Off the Beaten Path” Can Stimulate Creativity. Psychology of Aesthetics, Creativity, and the Arts, 5(1), 3–12. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0017698
Dewey, Jessica, & Bento, J. (2009). Activating children’s thinking skills (ACTS): The effects of an infusion approach to teaching thinking in primary schools. British Journal of Educational Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1348/000709908X344754
Dewey, John. (1910). How we think. , (pp. 1-13). Lexington, MA, US: D C Heath, vi, 228 pp.
Digital intuition. (2016). Nature, 529(7587), 437. https://doi.org/10.1038/529437a
Eubanks, D. L., Murphy, S. T., & Mumford, M. D. (2010). Intuition as an influence on creative problem-solving: The effects of intuition, positive affect, and training. Creativity Research Journal, 22(2), 170–184. https://doi.org/10.1080/10400419.2010.481513
Ferguson, R. B. (2013). Team GB: Using Analytics (and Intuition) To Improve Performance. MIT Sloan Management Review, 54(3), 1-n/a. http://sfx.scholarsportal.info/ottawa?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&genre=article&sid=ProQ:ProQ%3Aabiglobal&atitle=Team+GB%3A+Using+Analytics+%28and+Intuition%29+To+Improve+Performance&title=MIT+Sloan+Management+Revi
Fernández-Pérez, V., Alonso-Galicia, P. E., María del Mar, F.-F., & Rodriguez-Ariza, L. (2014). Business social networks and academics’ entrepreneurial intentions. Industrial Management + Data Systems, 114(2), 292–320. https://doi.org/http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/IMDS-02-2013-0076
Gibney, E. (2016). Google AI algorithm masters ancient game of Go. Nature, 529(7587), 445–446. https://doi.org/10.1038/529445a
Gigerenzer, G., & Gaissmaier, W. (2011). Heuristic decision making. Annual Review of Psychology, 62, 451–482. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-psych-120709-145346
Gmür, M. (2003). Co-citation analysis and the search for invisible colleges: A methodological evaluation. Scientometrics, 57(1), 27–57.
Gobet, F., & Chassy, P. (2008). Towards an alternative to Benner’s theory of expert intuition in nursing: A discussion paper. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 45(1), 129–139. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2007.01.005
Haar Horowitz, A., Cunningham, T. J., Maes, P., & Stickgold, R. (2020). Dormio: A targeted dream incubation device. Consciousness and Cognition, 83, 102938. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.concog.2020.102938
Hagen-Foley, D. (2005). Forget Thinking, It’s Your Heart Rhythms, Stupid! PsycCRITIQUES, 50(38), 1. https://doi.org/10.1037/05194712
Hawk, T. F. (2011). Learning in Adulthood: A Comprehensive Guide. In S. Francisco (Ed.), Academy of Management Learning & Education (Third edit, Vol. 10, Issue 1). Jossey Bass. https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2011.59513284
Hoffrage, U., & Marewski, J. N. (2015). Unveiling the Lady in Black: Modeling and aiding intuition. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 4(3), 145–163. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jarmac.2015.08.001
Iannello, P., Colombo, B., Germagnoli, S., & Antonietti, A. (2020). Enhancing intuition in problem solving through problem finding. In Handbook of Intuition Research as Practice (pp. 255–267). https://doi.org/10.4337/9781788979757.00029
Jensen, L., & Konradsen, F. (2018). A review of the use of virtual reality head-mounted displays in education and training. Education and Information Technologies, 23(4), 1515–1529. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-017-9676-0
Johnson, J. G., & Raab, M. (2003). Take the first: Option-generation and resulting choices. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 91(2), 215–229. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0749-5978(03)00027-X
Kahneman, D. (2012). Thinking, fast and slow. Choice Reviews Online, 49(10), 49-5972-49–5972. https://doi.org/10.5860/choice.49-5972
Kahneman, Daniel. (2003). A Perspective on Judgment and Choice: Mapping Bounded Rationality. American Psychologist, 58(9), 697–720. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.58.9.697
Kahneman, Daniel, & Klein, G. (2009). Conditions for intuitive expertise: A failure to disagree. American Psychologist, 64(6), 515–526. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0016755
Kermarrec, G., & Bossard, C. (2014). Defensive soccer players’ decision making: A naturalistic study. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 8(2), 187–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1555343414527968
King, L., & Clark, J. M. (2002). Intuition and the development of expertise in surgical ward and intensive care nurses. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 37(4), 322–329. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1365-2648.2002.02105.x
Klein, G., Calderwood, R., & Clinton-Cirocco, A. (2010). Rapid Decision Making on the Fire Ground: The Original Study Plus a Postscript. Journal of Cognitive Engineering and Decision Making, 4(3), 186–209. https://doi.org/10.1518/155534310X12844000801203
Kolb, A., & Kolb, D. (2017). Experiential Learning Theory as a Guide for Experiential Educators in Highe...: DISCOVER for Books, Articles and Media. A Journal for Engaged Educators, 1(1), 7–44. https://eds.b.ebscohost.com/eds/detail/detail?vid=6&sid=ec22dd52-08e4-405f-b976-3e6fe46322f1%40sessionmgr102&bdata=JnNpdGU9ZWRzLWxpdmU%3D#db=a9h&AN=124424435
Kolb, A. Y., & Kolb, D. A. (2005). Learning styles and learning spaces: Enhancing experiential learning in higher education. Academy of Management Learning and Education, 4(2), 193–212. https://doi.org/10.5465/AMLE.2005.17268566
Krokos, E., Plaisant, C., & Varshney, A. (2019). Virtual memory palaces: immersion aids recall. Virtual Reality, 23(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10055-018-0346-3
Kuo, W. J., Sjöström, T., Chen, Y. P., Wang, Y. H., & Huang, C. Y. (2009). Intuition and deliberation: Two systems for strategizing in the brain. Science, 324(5926), 519–522. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1165598
Lampropoulos, G., Barkoukis, V., Burden, K., & Anastasiadis, T. (2021). 360-degree video in education: An overview and a comparative social media data analysis of the last decade. Smart Learning Environments, 8(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40561-021-00165-8
Leach, S., & Weick, M. (2018). Can People Judge the Veracity of Their Intuitions? Social Psychological and Personality Science, 9(1), 40–49. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550617706732
Levitt, S. D. (2021). Heads or Tails: The Impact of a Coin Toss on Major Life Decisions and Subsequent Happiness. Review of Economic Studies, 88(1), 378–405. https://doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdaa016
Lufityanto, G., Donkin, C., & Pearson, J. (2016). Measuring intuition: Nonconscious emotional information boosts decision accuracy and confidence. Psychological Science, 27(5), 622–634. https://doi.org/10.1177/0956797616629403
Lurquin, J. H., & Miyake, A. (2017). Challenges to ego-depletion research go beyond the replication crisis: A need for tackling the conceptual crisis. Frontiers in Psychology, 8(APR), 568. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00568
Matthews, D. (2018). Virtual-reality applications give science a new dimension toolbox. Nature, 557(7703), 127–128. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-04997-2
Merchant, Z., Goetz, E. T., Cifuentes, L., Keeney-Kennicutt, W., & Davis, T. J. (2014). Effectiveness of virtual reality-based instruction on students’ learning outcomes in K-12 and higher education: A meta-analysis. Computers and Education, 70, 29–40. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2013.07.033
Micklewright, D., Kegerreis, S., Raglin, J., & Hettinga, F. (2017). Will the Conscious–Subconscious Pacing Quagmire Help Elucidate the Mechanisms of Self-Paced Exercise? New Opportunities in Dual Process Theory and Process Tracing Methods. Sports Medicine, 47(7), 1231–1239. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40279-016-0642-6
Mikels, J. A., Maglio, S. J., Reed, A. E., & Kaplowitz, L. J. (2011). Should I Go With My Gut? Investigating the Benefits of Emotion-Focused Decision Making. Emotion, 11(4), 743–753. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0023986
Mousavi, S., & Gigerenzer, G. (2014). Risk, uncertainty, and heuristics. Journal of Business Research, 67(8), 1671–1678. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jbusres.2014.02.013
Myers, D. G. (2007). The powers and perils of intuition. In Tall Tales about the Mind and Brain: Separating Fact from Fiction. Oxford University Press.
OECD. (2014, April 1). Are 15-year-olds good at solving problems? OECD Education and Skills Today. https://oecdedutoday.com/are-15-year-olds-good-at-solving-problems/
OECD. (2019a). PISA 2018 insights and interpretations. In OECD Publishing. OECD Publishing.
OECD. (2019b). Tools and Ethics for Applied Behavioural Insights: The BASIC Toolkit. In OECDpublishing. https://doi.org/10.1787/9ea76a8f-en
OECD. (2021). OECD Skills Outlook 2021: Learning for Life. OECD Publishing.
Okoli, J., Watt, J., Weller, G., & Wong, W. B. L. (2016). The role of expertise in dynamic risk assessment: A reflection of the problem-solving strategies used by experienced fireground commanders. Risk Management, 18(1), 4–25. https://doi.org/10.1057/rm.2015.20
Osareh, F. (1996). Bibliometrics, citation analysis and co-citation analysis: A review of literature I. Libri, 46(3), 149–158.
Owens, B. (2018). Science and technology education. Nature, 562(7725), 1. https://doi.org/10.1038/d41586-018-06829-9
Paschall, M. J., Fishbein, D. H., Hubal, R. C., & Eldreth, D. (2005). Psychometric properties of virtual reality vignette performance measures: A novel approach for assessing adolescents’ social competency skills. Health Education Research, 20(1), 61–70. https://doi.org/10.1093/her/cyg103
Persky, S., & McBride, C. M. (2009). Immersive virtual environment technology: A promising tool for future social and behavioral genomics research and practice. Health Communication, 24(8), 677–682. https://doi.org/10.1080/10410230903263982
Pilkington, A., & Teichert, T. (2006). Management of technology: Themes, concepts and relationships. Technovation, 26(3), 288–299.
Pritchard, A. (1969). Statistical bibliography or bibliometrics. Journal of Documentation, 25(n/a), 348.
Quirk, M. (2006). Intuition and metacognition in medical education: keys to developing expertise. In Education for Health: Change in Learning and Practice (Issue 2).
Radianti, J., Majchrzak, T. A., Fromm, J., & Wohlgenannt, I. (2020). A systematic review of immersive virtual reality applications for higher education: Design elements, lessons learned, and research agenda. Computers and Education, 147, 103778. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compedu.2019.103778
Ragins, B. R. (2012). Editor’s comments: Reflections on the craft of clear writing. Academy of Management Review, 37(4), 493–501. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2012.0165
Raio, C. M., Carmel, D., Carrasco, M., & Phelps, E. A. (2012). Nonconscious fear is quickly acquired but swiftly forgotten. Current Biology, 22(12), R477–R479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.04.023
Reichertz, J. (2019). Abduction: The logic of discovery of grounded theory – An updated review. In The SAGE Handbook of Current Developments in Grounded Theory (pp. 259–281).
Rosen, M. A., Shuffler, M., & Salas, E. (2010). How Experts Make Decisions: Beyond the JDM Paradigm. Industrial and Organizational Psychology, 3(4), 438–442. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1754-9434.2010.01267.x
Sadler-Smith, E., & Shefy, E. (2004). The intuitive executive: Understanding and applying “gut feel” in decision-making. Academy of Management Executive, 18(4), 76–91. https://doi.org/10.5465/AME.2004.15268692
Sætre, A. S., & Van de Ven, A. H. (2021). Generating Theory by Abduction. Academy of Management Review, 46(4), 684–701. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2019.0233
Salas, E., Rosen, M. A., & Diaz-Granados, D. (2010). Expertise-based intuition and decision making in organizations. Journal of Management, 36(4), 941–973.
Schlottmann, A., & Wilkening, F. (2012). Judgement and Decision Making in Young Children: Probability Expected Value, Belief Updating, Heuristics and Biases. In Judgement and Decision Making as a Skill: Learning, Development, and Evolution (pp. 55–83).
Schuster, L., & Glavas, C. (2017). Exploring the dimensions of electronic work integrated learning (eWIL). Educational Research Review, 21, 55–66. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2017.04.001
Seligman, M. E. P., & Kahana, M. (2009). Unpacking intuition: A conjecture. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 4(4), 399–402. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1745-6924.2009.01145.x
Shuell, T. J. (1986). Cognitive Conceptions of Learning. Review of Educational Research, 56(4), 411–436. https://doi.org/10.3102/00346543056004411
Simon, H. A. (1987). Making Management Decisions: the Role of Intuition and Emotion. Academy of Management Perspectives, 1(1), 57–64. https://doi.org/10.5465/ame.1987.4275905
Skinner, B. F. (1989). The Origins of Cognitive Thought. American Psychologist, 44(1), 13–18. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.44.1.13
Slater, M., & Sanchez-Vives, M. V. (2016). Enhancing our lives with immersive virtual reality. In Frontiers Robotics AI (Vol. 3, Issue DEC). https://doi.org/10.3389/frobt.2016.00074
Sol Rogers. (2019). Virtual Reality: THE Learning Aid Of The 21st Century. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/solrogers/2019/03/15/virtual-reality-the-learning-aid-of-the-21st-century/?sh=6474bfc7139b
Temple, I. G., Williams, H. G., & Bateman, N. J. (1979). A test battery to assess intrasensory and intersensory development of young children. Perceptual and Motor Skills, 48(2), 643–659. https://doi.org/10.2466/pms.1979.48.2.643
Thatcher, S. M. B., & Fisher, G. (2022). From the Editors—The Nuts and Bolts of Writing a Theory Paper: A Practical Guide to Getting Started. Academy of Management Review, 47(1), 1–8. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2021.0483
Todd, P. M., & Gigerenzer, G. (2007). Environments that make us smart: Ecological rationality. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 16(3), 167–171. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8721.2007.00497.x
Torrance, E. P. (1968). A longitudinal examination of the fourth grade slump in creativity. Gifted Child Quarterly. https://doi.org/10.1177/001698626801200401
TORRANCE, E. P. (1972). Predictive Validity of the Torrance Tests of Creative Thinking. The Journal of Creative Behavior. https://doi.org/10.1002/j.2162-6057.1972.tb00936.x
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1973). Availability: A heuristic for judging frequency and probability. Cognitive Psychology, 5(2), 207–232. https://doi.org/10.1016/0010-0285(73)90033-9
Tversky, A., & Kahneman, D. (1974). Judgment under uncertainty: Heuristics and biases. Science, 185(4157), 1124–1131. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.185.4157.1124
van Eck, N J, & Waltman, L. (2010). Software survey: VOSviewer, a computer program for bibliometric mapping. Scientometrics, 84(2), 523–538. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-009-0146-3
van Eck, Nees Jan, & Waltman, L. (2014). Visualizing bibliometric networks. In Y. Ding, R. Rousseau, & D. Wolfram (Eds.), Measuring Scholarly Impact: Methods And Practice (pp. 285–320). Springer.
van Eck, Nees Jan, & Waltman, L. (2017). Citation-based clustering of publications using CitNetExplorer and VOSviewer. Scientometrics, 111(2), 1053–1070. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11192-017-2300-7
van Leeuwen, T. (2004). Descriptive versus evaluative bibliometrics. In Handbook Of Quantitative Science And Technology Research (pp. 373–388). Springer.
von Bastian, C. C., Belleville, S., Udale, R. C., Reinhartz, A., Essounni, M., & Strobach, T. (2022). Mechanisms underlying training-induced cognitive change. Nature Reviews Psychology, 1(1), 30–41. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44159-021-00001-3
Waltman, L., van Eck, N. J., & Noyons, E. C. M. (2010). A unified approach to mapping and clustering of bibliometric networks. Journal of Informetrics, 4(4), 629–635. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2010.07.002
Wang, W., & Liu, X. (2013). The multi-attribute decision making method based on interval-valued intuitionistic fuzzy Einstein hybrid weighted geometric operator. Computers and Mathematics with Applications. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.camwa.2013.07.020
Wang, Y., Highhouse, S., Lake, C. J., Petersen, N. L., & Rada, T. B. (2017). Meta-analytic investigations of the relation between intuition and analysis. Journal of Behavioral Decision Making, 30(1), 15–25. https://doi.org/10.1002/bdm.1903
Waroquier, L., Marchiori, D., Klein, O., & Cleeremans, A. (2010). Is It Better to Think Unconsciously or to Trust Your First Impression? A Reassessment of Unconscious Thought Theory. Social Psychological and Personality Science, 1(2), 111–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/1948550609356597
Wassertheil, S., & Cohen, J. (1970). Statistical Power Analysis for the Behavioral Sciences. Biometrics. https://doi.org/10.2307/2529115
White, H. D., & Griffith, B. C. (1981). Author cocitation: A literature measure of intellectual structure. Journal of the American Society for Information Science, 32(3), 163–171.
Wing, J. M. (2008). Computational thinking and thinking about computing. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2008.0118
Wu, B., Yu, X., & Gu, X. (2020). Effectiveness of immersive virtual reality using head-mounted displays on learning performance: A meta-analysis. British Journal of Educational Technology, 51(6), 1991–2005. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjet.13023
Zhao, D., & Strotmann, A. (2008). Comparing all-author and first-author co-citation analyses of information science. Journal of Informetrics, 2(3), 229–239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joi.2008.05.004
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2023 Katharina Fellnhofer, Ursula Renold
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution (CC-BY-NC-ND) 4.0 License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgment of the work’s authorship and initial publication in this journal.